Neurology

There is a high risk of persisting deficits following severe, childhood traumatic brain injury, according to a study published online Jan. 23 in Pediatrics.

For patients on warfarin with minor head trauma who have an initial negative computed tomography (CT) scan, 24-hour observation followed by an additional CT scan identifies the majority of cases of delayed bleeding, according to a study published online Jan. 16 in the Annals of Emergency Medicine.

The American Psychiatric Association is advancing towards changing the diagnosis for autism. Many fear, however, that the new definition will make it more difficult for patients who would no longer meet the autism criteria to receive health, educational, and social services.

Breaking and immobilizing an arm can lead to a significant change in the brain, including skill transfer from the dominant to the nondominant hand, a recently concluded longitudinal study suggests.

BodyWave, the biofeedback device which measures brainwave activity through the body’s extremities, could train children with ADHD to focus when used in conjunction with interactive computer games.

Jake Barnett was diagnosed with autism at age 2. At the time, he struggled to communicate and make eye contact with others. Now, at age 13, Barnett uses his "one in 10 million" memory to help his college classmates better understand math and science.

Virtual reality-enhanced exercise, or "exergames," such as cybercycling, is associated with a greater cognitive benefit for older adults than traditional exercise, according to a study published online Jan. 17 in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

A study conducted by David J. Lewkowicz, PhD, a professor of psychology within the Charles E. Schmidt College of Science at Florida Atlantic University, is the first to show that infants learn how to talk not just by listening, but by looking too.

A substance used in China as a hangover remedy has demonstrated an ability to prevent alcohol from affecting the brains of rats and may lead to the development of a drug to treat alcoholism.

A physically active lifestyle may prevent the advance of Alzheimer's disease in cognitively normal individuals who have a genetic predisposition to develop the disease, researchers have found.

Children born to mothers who are of low socioeconomic status or have maternal gestational diabetes mellitus may be at increased risk of developing ADHD.

Altered levels of substances known as biomarkers in spinal fluid may predict the development of Alzheimer’s disease up to 10 years before the condition can be diagnosed based on mental functioning, a new study by researchers in Sweden suggests.

The combination of two widely used drugs—lamotrigine and valproate—may treat refractory epilepsy more effectively than other antiepileptic regimens, researchers at the University of Washington have found.

Increased physical activity appears to improve kids' academic performance, report Dutch researchers based on a review of 14 previous studies on the subject.

Allowing patients to listen to music with noise-cancelling headphones during a prostate biopsy may reduce their pain perception and anxiety, according to researchers at the Duke University Medical Center.

A widespread shortage of generic drugs in recent months has made life increasingly difficult for patients with ADHD, and many are growing frantic as they are forced to purchase costly brand name drugs instead of scarce generic versions.

Early intervention programs designed to help parents of premature infants better understand their children’s needs can significantly reduce behavioral problems later in life, researchers in Norway have found.

A phase 3 clinical trial has found no statistical superiority between two multiple-sclerosis (MS) treatments, Aubagio (teriflunomide) and Rebif (interferon beta 1-a).

In this video, Mark Wolraich, MD, FAAP, discusses diagnosing and treating ADHD in young children, emphasizing that diagnosis should be made only after significant symptoms have been present for at least nine months.

The process of care algorithm for ADHD was developed to take a physician step-by-step through what things are required in the process and sequence that they're doing it, said Mark Wolraich, MD, FAAP.