Oncology

Patients undergoing screening for colorectal cancer tend to prefer colonoscopy versus computed tomography colonography (CTC); and for those undergoing colonoscopy, the tolerability of bowel preparation is associated with improved polyp and adenoma detection.

Male baldness is associated with prostate cancer, with more severe balding patterns more strongly associated with cancer.

Screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy correlates with significant reductions in the incidence of distal and proximal colorectal cancer and in distal colorectal cancer mortality

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of cancer mortality.

For pediatric patients with tumors that have genetic aberrations in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene, crizotinib is well tolerated and has antitumor activity.

For men with localized high-risk prostate cancer, neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy with abiraterone acetate (AA) plus leuprolide acetate (LHRHa) is well tolerated and has good pathological complete/near complete response (pCR/near pCR) rates.

Compared to whites, Hispanic and black patients have an increased prevalence of adenomas and an increased risk of advanced adenomas.

The use of beta blockers is not associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Metastatic melanomas from patients with chronic sun exposure have higher mutation rates, and a single gene is mutated in 14 percent of metastatic melanomas.

Multivisceral ex vivo surgery can successfully remove invasive abdominal tumors previously deemed unresectable due to location and vascular involvement.

Globally, nearly two million new cancer cases are caused by infectious agents each year.

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends that physicians counsel children, adolescents, and young adults who have fair skin about ultraviolet radiation exposure and skin cancer prevention.

Active surveillance of patients with small renal masses is driven by a tumor size less than 3 cm, poor performance score (PS), and an endophytic lesion, among other patient, tumor, and surgeon characteristics.

Although widely used, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) does not impact patient satisfaction with treatment or patient-reported outcomes after treatment for localized prostate cancer.

Most primary care providers consider both a man's age and life expectancy in deciding whether to discontinue prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screenings, but multiple factors are involved in this decision.

Smokers with a new diagnosis of bladder cancer are significantly more likely to quit compared with smokers in the general population.

Cancers associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV) are diagnosed in nearly 11 out of 100,000 men and women in the United States annually, and HPV vaccines play an important role in reducing the incidence of those cancers for which screening is not approved.

For patients with bladder tumors, female gender, low body mass index, and tumor characteristics correlate with the risk of bladder perforation during transurethral resection.

The majority of breast cancer survivors experience one or more treatment-related side effects, and the proportion remains stable at six years post-diagnosis.

Men with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with crizotinib exhibit rapid suppression of total testosterone (T) levels compared with those who do not receive crizotinib treatment.