Susan L. Samson, MD, PhD, FRCPC, FACE

Learn how clinicians spot uncommon diabetes causes—from pancreatic disease and MODY to steroids, transplants, and checkpoint inhibitors—before treatment.

Explore signs of uncommon diabetes—from pancreatic disease and MODY to steroid, transplant, and checkpoint-inhibitor autoimmune causes.

Learn key clues that diabetes isn’t type 2, and how autoantibody tests plus C‑peptide guide accurate adult type 1/LADA diagnosis.

Spot hidden type 1/LADA in overweight adults: learn key red flags, and how autoantibodies plus C-peptide guide accurate diagnosis.

Experts review standard diagnostic criteria for diabetes, then detail phenotypic and clinical features that support—but do not definitively confirm—a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, emphasizing the limitations of BMI-based assumptions.

Experts introduce the 2026 AACE type 2 diabetes algorithm’s new classification pathway and frame misclassification—especially of adult-onset type 1 diabetes—as a central problem the update is designed to address.