Gastroenterology

The risk of primary composite cardiovascular outcomes was reduced by 47%, while the risk of secondary cardiovascular disease outcomes was reduced by 50% in patients with bariatric surgery compared to nonsurgical patients.

The new recommendations call for posterior partial fundoplication over total posterior or anterior 90° fundoplication in adult patients with GERD and anterior >90° fundoplication as an alternative.

Vedolizumab was linked to an increased risk of treatment failure compared to TNF antagonists.

The approval is based on data from 2 clinical trials showing the agent improved the rate of post-operation patients avoiding sickness by 50%.

While cesarean delivery was more likely among women with IBD, this was not associated with an increased risk of peripartum infection.

The magnitude of the difference in modified Mayo score from baseline was significantly greater in all ABX464 groups compared to placebo.

The investigators found no significant differences when trainees participated in the ADR, CIR, and perforation rate compared to when trainees did not participate.

IBS-type symptoms were not linked to an increased likelihood of the need for glucocorticosteroids or flare, escalation, hospitalization, or intestinal resection.

Contamination was 11.5% on floors, 7.9% on infusion chairs, and 3.8% on equipment.

The most common complaint among patients was abdominal pain followed by diarrhea.

Symptom flare-ups in patients on a gluten-free diet were significantly lower than in patients on a high-gluten diet.

The 10-year cumulative incidences for HCC and mortality were significantly higher in the HBV cohort with heavy alcoholism than it was for either HBV alone or alcoholism alone.

Investigators articulated the development and validation of an enzyme-linked immunoassay against hepatitis C virus (HCV). They suggest the implementation of this low cost assay among at-risk populations.

The increase does not appear to have a negative impact on post transplant survival, investigators say.

The goal for many is to eradicate HCV by the year 2030.

The only adverse event identified was mild nausea for a duration of 10-21 days.

Dr. Sanyal talks about the importance in having ongoing real-world data for NAFLD and NASH.

Washington DC, Hawaii, Oklahoma, California, Tennessee, West Virginia, Mississippi, Oregon, Washington, Louisiana, Kentucky, and New York all had HBV-related mortality rates higher than the national average.

Tenofovir was linked to a decreased incidence rate of HCC compared to entecavir. However, this difference was not considered statistically significant.

Between 2015-2019 the number of HBV-related deaths increased by 2.9%.

Smoking was not linked to colonic transit times and colonic transit was not associated with IBS symptom severity.

C1M, C3M, and C4M were significantly reduced in patients with structuring disease.

Prematurity was also linked to infant regurgitation, infant colic, infant dysphasia, and functional constipation.

For pediatric patients, the anti-HBs (+) rates were relatively stable at approximately 60%, but the anti-HBc (+) rates increased significantly with age.

The investigators found pharmacotherapy for AUD was associated with a lower incidence of hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis.

There was a greater proportion of the undetected (19%) or previously detected (23%) dysplasia group that had concurrent primary sclerosing cholangitis compared to only 3% of the group without dysplasia.

About 1 in 5 recent novel drug approvals were based on data extrapolated to a broader patient population or in regard to a concomitant drug use, including the controversial aducanumab indication from 2021.

Interventions could be utilized in patients awaiting liver transplantations to avoid further complications or mortality.

ALT can be used a marker for NAFLD severity in pediatric patients.

The prevalence of NAFLD in the pediatric population has increased in recent years.